Title
Mortality, inequality and race in American cities and states
Author(s)
Angus Deaton Angus Deaton (Princeton University)
Darren Lubotsky Darren Lubotsky (Princeton University)
Abstract
A number of studies have found that mortality rates are positively correlated with income inequality across the cities and states of the US. We argue that this correlation is confounded by the effects of racial composition. Across states and MSAs, the fraction of the population that is black is positively correlated with average white incomes, and negatively correlated with average black incomes. Between-group income inequality is therefore higher where the fraction black is higher, as is income inequality in general. Conditional on the fraction black, neither city nor state mortality rates are correlated with income inequality. Mortality rates are higher where the fraction black is higher, not only because of the mechanical effect of higher black mortality rates and lower black incomes, but because white mortality rates are higher in places where the fraction black is higher. This result is present within census regions, and for all age groups and both sexes (except for boys aged 1?9). It is robust to conditioning on income, education, and (in the MSA results) on state fixed effects. Although it is remains unclear why white mortality is related to racial composition, the mechanism working through trust that is often proposed to explain the effects of inequality on health is also consistent with the evidence on racial composition and mortality.
Creation Date
2002-02
Section URL ID
CHWB
Paper Number
19
URL
https://drive.google.com/a/princeton.edu/file/d/0BwjFN4HbBrDBdVZVVm1nbnRuRHM/view
File Function
Jel
I12
Keyword(s)
Suppress
false
Series
9