Title

Neighborhood Air Pollution and Children’s Cognitive Development

Author(s)

Brandon Wagner Brandon Wagner (Texas Tech University)

Louis Donnelly Louis Donnelly (Princeton University)

Sara McLanahan Sara McLanahan (Princeton University)

Irwin Garfinkel Irwin Garfinkel (Columbia School of Social Work)

Jeanne Brooks-Gunn Jeanne Brooks-Gunn (Teachers College and the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University)

Abstract

Exposure to airborne toxins is associated with a variety of health risks. A growing body of research suggests exposure to air pollution negatively impacts neurological function, although the extent to which cumulative exposure throughout childhood matters for children’s cognitive development is unclear. To address this question, we join Census tract-level data on air pollution estimated in the National Air Toxics Assessment by the Environmental Protection Agency to individual-level data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a birth cohort study following children born in large US cities between 1998 and 2000. We find that children who grow up in neighborhoods with higher levels of neurologically hazardous air pollution score lower on multiple measures of intellectual and academic ability at age 9, even after accounting for parental intelligence and the socio-economic characteristics of families and neighborhoods. We also show that cumulative exposure to air pollution during childhood is associated with declines in relative vocabulary test scores between ages 3 and 9, net of air pollution exposure at birth. Overall, our findings provide strong evidence for the deleterious effect of childhood air pollution on children’s cognitive development.

Creation Date

2017

Section URL ID

Paper Number

WP17-08-FF

URL

https://fragilefamilies.princeton.edu/sites/fragilefamilies/files/wp17-08-ff.pdf

File Function

Jel

Q53, I24, J13

Keyword(s)

Suppress

false

Series

8